Morphometry of upper femur and its clinical correlation: a study from Peshawar

Abstract

Introduction: The anatomical structure of the femur, especially the relationships among various parts, is a very interesting topic of orthopedic literature. This bone makes the skeleton of the thigh, carrying body weight, supporting the movements of thigh, and providing attachments for the muscles of hip and thigh. Bone structure is affected by many factors including age, sex, race and nutritional factors.

Materials & Methods: This study was carried out from Nov 2022-Jan 2023 at Rehman Medical College, Khyber Medical College, and Khyber Girls Medical College, Peshawar. Dry femoral bones were included in the study. These bones were obtained from the three medical colleges including both side femora (Left, n =52) (Right, n =53). Only complete and fully ossified bones with no defects were included. All measurements were done using standard tools of bone morphometry. Data were analyzed by SPSS 26 for descriptive and comparative statistics, keeping p≤0.05 significant.

Results: The average femoral head diameter (FHD) for the entire sample was 45.26±2.74  mm, average femoral neck length (FNL) was 54.43±6.22 mm, average femoral neck diameter (FND) was 32.95±3.03 mm, average femoral neck thickness (FNT) was 26.67±2.73 mm, average femoral head offset (FHO) was 50.07±5.18 mm, average cervico-diaphyseal angle (CDA) was 125.24±5.47 degrees, and average femoral vertical offset (FVO) was 57.54±5.20 mm.

Conclusion: Noticeable variations were found in femoral geometry, with the prominent differences of left and right sides being for FHD, NSA (neck shaft angle) & FNL.

Keywords: Femur; Fractures, Bone; Femoral Fractures; Osteoporosis; Fractures, Osteoporotic; Arthroplasty.